V3I5P15

Unilateral Left Lung Aplasia in a 54-Year-Old Lady: Case Report of a Rare Adult Presentation Confirmed by Bronchoscopy and Imaging 

Dr. Arun V Joy ¹, Dr. Vyshnavi Rajeev ^2*

Abstract

Aim & Background: Congenital pulmonary aplasia is a rare embryological defect  characterized by complete absence of pulmonary parenchyma and vasculature with a rudimentary bronchial stump. Most patients are diagnosed early in life due to respiratory  distress or recurrent infections. Adult detection is extremely rare and often incidental.

Case description: We report a case of a 54-year-old female who presented with intermittent  exertional dyspnea. Chest X-ray showed complete opacification of the left hemithorax. High- Resolution Computed Tomography thorax (HRCT) revealed absence of the left lung  parenchyma and vasculature, and flexible bronchoscopy confirmed a blind-ending left main  bronchus, consistent with left lung aplasia. The patient remains stable with conservative  management.

Conclusion: This case highlights the rare adult presentation of congenital pulmonary aplasia,  emphasizing the role of imaging and bronchoscopy in diagnosis.

Clinical significance: Early recognition is essential to prevent unnecessary interventions and  provide optimal supportive care.

Keywords:

Pulmonary aplasia, congenital lung anomaly, unilateral lung absence, adult diagnosis, bronchoscopy