V3I10P48

A REVIEW on Diabetic Cardiomyopathy; Pathophysiology diagnosis and prevention

Konchada manjusha^1*, Dr. P. Devi Guna Sireesha²

Abstract

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart that occurs in people suffering from diabetes mellitus. There are changes in the anatomy and physiology of the heart and this disease is not associated with coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, heart valves problems or other heart problems. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is caused by structural and functional abnormalities of the heart as a consequence of diabetes and from top to bottom blood glucose levels. High blood glucose levels can cause oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondria dysfunction, lipid metabolism alterations and fibrosis in heart cells. Such changes begin from small heart abnormalities and then progress to ventricular dysfunction and ultimately to heart failure.

The early detection of diabetic cardiomyopathy is important since initially patients can be asymptomatic. The diagnosis of the disease can be done with various diagnostic tools like echocardiography, electrocardiography and cardiac biomarkers among others.

The most widely used treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy includes glucose control, modification of lifestyle, control of other risk factors of heart disease, and right medication.

There have been many studies done both epidemiological and randomized which show that patients suffering from diabetes are prone to heart failure.

While there have been many studies done on animals with regard to changes at the microscopic level in small vessels and cardiac muscle cells, but the studies done in humans are quite few and they make use of light microscopy only in the research. With respect to the dealing of this sickness, there have been many controversies about the heart safety of medications like thiazolidinedione’s.

Keywords:

Diabetic cardiomyopathy, Diabetes mellitus, Diastolic dysfunction, Substrate utilization, Mitochondrial dysfunction, Uncoupling