V2I6P54

IoT Framework for Real-Time Health Monitoring- Fingertip Sensor-Based

Idiong U. E.^1*, Abdulhamid I.G.¹, Mosaku A.O.¹

Abstract

The continuous increase in the global population and the occurrence of chronic diseases has resulted in an increase in the number of patients visiting hospitals and healthcare facilities thereby increasing the complexity of health needs. Thus, the traditional approach of attending to patients which is based on hospital and healthcare facility visits can be tedious considering the doctor-to-patient ratio in many developing nations. Therefore, the advancement in technology can be utilised in the manufacture of gadgets that are capable of monitoring patient’s health remotely using the Internet of Things (IoT). These gadgets generate vital indicators that may be viewed remotely through web connectivity and enable the acquisition of data in real time. The system presented in this paper makes use of fingertip sensors to track heart rate, blood oxygen levels (SpO₂), and temperature of the patients. The system uses a microcontroller (ESP8266) which collects all data from the sensor and transmits them wirelessly to a cloud-based platform (Ubidot) for easy access and analysis. The results obtained from the temperature readings of a patient when compared against a standard thermometer reading indicated the smallest deviation of 0.45% and the largest deviation of 1.29%. This indicates a relatively high accuracy and reliability of the system. Notably, in this study, some of the SpO₂ samples showed a result below the normal criteria (usually > 95%), which suggests a probable respiratory difficulty. The system provides affordable and user-friendly data visualization thus enabling medical professionals to monitor patients in real-time, reducing response times for critical conditions, and supporting preventive care.

Keywords:

Cloud Computing; Fingertip sensor; Internet of Things (IoT); Real-time monitoring