V2I12P13

Investigating the Combined Effect of Hypo Sludge, Metakaolin, and Sea Shell Ash on Strength and Durability of Concrete: An Experimental Approach

Unnati Vyaspat^1*, Ajay Verma²

Abstract

Cement production contributes significantly to environmental pollution and CO₂ emissions, creating an urgent need for sustainable alternatives in concrete. This study investigates the effect of Hypo Sludge Powder, Metakaolin Powder, and Sea Shell Ash as supplementary cementitious materials for partial cement replacement in concrete. A ternary blended mix was developed with replacement levels of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% ,25 % and 30% by weight of cement, and its performance was evaluated against a conventional control mix. Fresh properties were examined through slump tests, while hardened behavior was assessed using compressive strength and flexural strength tests at 7, 14, and 28 days. The results indicated that Metakaolin enhanced early strength and pozzolanic activity, Sea Shell Ash contributed to micro-filler effects, and Hypo Sludge aided in sustainability but slightly reduced workability at higher percentages.  Overall, the study concludes that the combined use of Hypo Sludge, Metakaolin, and Sea Shell Ash can partially replace cement effectively, reducing environmental impact while maintaining desirable mechanical properties. Comparing compressive strength of conventional concrete to Concrete with Hypo Sludge Powder, Metakaolin Powder, and Sea Shell ash as a partial replacement of OPC cement, mix designation C-H15-M00-S15 compressive strength 29.65 N/ mm² with 11.05% age of Curing at 7 Days and Mix designation C-H10-M20-S00 compressive strength 42.70 N/ mm² with 10.19% age of Cube’s Curing at 28 Days, it is more strength. Comparing Flexural strength of conventional concrete to Concrete with Hypo Sludge Powder, Metakaolin Powder, and Sea Shell ash as a partial replacement of OPC cement, mix designation C-H15-M15-S00 compressive strength 5.26 N/ mm² with 9.0164 % age of Beam’s Curing at 28 Days it is more strength.

Keywords:

Hypo Sludge, Metakaolin, Sea Shell Ash, Concrete, OPC Cement, Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength.